How to Implement Network 3D Channel Modeling in NS2

To implement the 3D network channel modeling in NS2, we could require to expand NS2’s existing capabilities, since NS2 primarily supports 2D mobility and propagation models. We deliver steps and deliberations for executing the 3D network channel modeling in NS2:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

  1. Understand the Basic Structure of NS2:

The simulation environment NS2 (Network Simulator 2) is mainly designed for replicating the network protocols and network communication within a 2D plane. To expand it to a 3D environment, we will want to make or change new propagation models and node mobility models to account for the 3D (z-axis).

  1. Modify the Propagation Model for 3D:

The default propagation models within NS2, like the TwoRayGround model, only deliberate two dimensions (x and y). We want to expand these models to integrate the z-dimension for 3D space. For specimen, we can alter the PropagModel and Phy/WirelessPhy classes to append the z-coordinate support.

Important steps contain:

  • Edit Propagation.cc: Change the propagation model in propagation/propagation.cc to estimate the path loss and signal strength according to the 3D distance. The new distance formula should be integrated the z-coordinate.

double distance3D = sqrt((x2 – x1) * (x2 – x1) + (y2 – y1) * (y2 – y1) + (z2 – z1) * (z2 – z1));

  1. Modify the Mobility Model for 3D:

Change the node mobility model to permit the movement in 3D space. The simulation NS2 delivers the mobilenode class to manage the node mobility. We will require to expand this class to contain the movement in the z-dimension.

  • Edit mobilenode.cc: Append the z-coordinate and make certain that node positions are updated in the 3D.
    • Alter the mobility model to encompass z-axis movement and describe the velocity and acceleration in the z-axis.

Example:

$node set Z_ 50 ; # Set Z-coordinate of the node

  • Make sure that mobility traces are also updated for 3D.
  1. Update Antenna Models (Optional):

Based on the kind of network simulation we are conducting such as wireless or satellite networks, we may want to update the antenna model to account for the three dimension coverage. We can expand the antenna obtain models to estimate the elevation and azimuth angles for 3D coverage.

Example for antenna.cc:

  • Change the azimuth and elevation angles to permit the coverage in 3D.
  1. Implement or Modify Path Loss Models for 3D:
  • We can adjust path loss models like Free Space or Two-Ray Ground to the work in a 3D environment. For specimen, in the Free Space model that use the 3D distance computation to assess path loss.

Example:

double pathLoss = (Pt * Gt * Gr * lambda^2) / (16 * pi^2 * d3D^2 * L);

  1. Modify the TCL Scripts:
  • Also we will require to change the simulation TCL script to create nodes with 3D positions and to configure the 3D channel model for communication among the nodes.

Example:

set ns [new Simulator]

set node1 [$ns node]

set node2 [$ns node]

$node1 set X_ 100

$node1 set Y_ 200

$node1 set Z_ 50  ; # Set the Z coordinate for 3D placement

$node2 set X_ 150

$node2 set Y_ 250

$node2 set Z_ 80  ; # Set the Z coordinate for 3D placement

# Run the simulation

  1. Validation and Debugging:
  • To validate the outcomes by comparing them with theoretical models or other 3D simulation tools, after executing the 3D channel model.
  • Make certain that signal propagation and interference computations work appropriately within 3D space by debugging with changing the z-coordinates.
  1. Consider Using Add-ons or External Models:

If emerging from the scratch is very difficult, you can explore more modules or patch sets available for the simulation NS2, which may provide 3D mobility or improved the propagation models. Otherwise, we deliberate using NS3 that has more support for 3D channel modeling.

The entire instruction and considerations for executing and analysing the Network 3D Channel Modeling in NS2 simulation tool has been shown above. More specific details concerning this subject will be given, if required.

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