How to Calculate Network Asset Management in NS2

To calculate the Network Asset Management in NS2 encompasses to observe and handle the resources (or assets) in the network includes nodes, links, bandwidth and communication devices. The intent is to track the performance, availability and consumption of these assets over time and make certain optimal usage. In ns2, this can be replicated by monitoring different metrics such as node availability, bandwidth utilization, link status, traffic flows and packet managing. Below are the steps to calculate the asset management using ns2:

Steps to Simulate and Calculate Network Asset Management in NS2

  1. Set Up the NS2 Simulation for Asset Management

Begin by creating a network topology that has various network assets (nodes, links, bandwidth) and record how these assets are being consumed during the simulation. For instance, we can observe the condition of nodes, bandwidth utilization and packet forwarding efficiency to handle the network’s assets successfully.

Example NS2 Script for Asset Management Monitoring

# Create NS2 simulator instance

set ns [new Simulator]

# Open trace file for logging network events

set tracefile [open asset_management_trace.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

# Define network nodes (assets)

set node1 [$ns node]  ;# Client node (asset)

set node2 [$ns node]  ;# Gateway node (asset)

set node3 [$ns node]  ;# Server node (asset)

# Create duplex links between nodes (network links are also assets)

$ns duplex-link $node1 $node2 1Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $node2 $node3 1Mb 10ms DropTail

# Set up UDP traffic from node1 to node3 via node2

set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node1 $udp0

set null0 [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $node3 $null0

$ns connect $udp0 $null0

set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr0 set packetSize_ 500

$cbr0 set interval_ 0.01

$cbr0 attach-agent $udp0

# Start and stop traffic

$ns at 0.5 “$cbr0 start”

$ns at 4.5 “$cbr0 stop”

# End simulation

$ns at 5.0 “finish”

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

exit 0

}

# Run the simulation

$ns run

Explanation:

  • Trace File: The trace file asset_management_trace.tr logs network events for observing the consumption and performance of network assets.
  • Assets: In this incident, the nodes (node1, node2, and node3), links, and bandwidth are network assets.
  • Traffic Setup: UDP traffic is set up amongst node1 (client) and node3 (server) via node2 (gateway).
  1. Identify Key Metrics for Network Asset Management

Handle the network assets effectively by tracking multiple metrics that offer insights into how assets are being used:

  • Node utilization: Track the number of traffic managed by each node.
  • Link utilization: See bandwidth usage over the links.
  • Packet forwarding efficiency: Observe how efficiently nodes and links are moving packets.
  • Availability: Track whether nodes and links remain operational during the simulation.
  1. Calculate Key Metrics for Asset Management

Node Utilization

You can see how much traffic each node processes during the simulation to analyze node consumption. High utilization might denote that the node is heavily loaded, which could be a vital characteristics of asset management.

Here’s an AWK script to estimate the total traffic processed by each node:

awk ‘

{

if ($1 == “+” && $3 == “node1”) {  # Traffic sent from node1 (client)

node1_sent += $6;

}

if ($1 == “+” && $3 == “node2”) {  # Traffic sent from node2 (gateway)

node2_sent += $6;

}

if ($1 == “+” && $3 == “node3”) {  # Traffic sent from node3 (server)

node3_sent += $6;

}

}

END {

print “Traffic processed by Node 1 (Client):”, node1_sent, “bytes”;

print “Traffic processed by Node 2 (Gateway):”, node2_sent, “bytes”;

print “Traffic processed by Node 3 (Server):”, node3_sent, “bytes”;

}’ asset_management_trace.tr

This script estimates the total traffic managed by each node in terms of the amount of bytes sent.

Link Utilization

Observing link utilization is necessary to make certain that network links are not overloaded. You can track the number of traffic flowing through each link and compare it to the link’s capacity to define whether the link is underutilized or overutilized.

Here’s an AWK script to calculate link utilization:

awk ‘

{

if ($1 == “+” && $2 == “node1” && $3 == “node2”) {  # Traffic on link node1 to node2

link12 += $6;

}

if ($1 == “+” && $2 == “node2” && $3 == “node3”) {  # Traffic on link node2 to node3

link23 += $6;

}

}

END {

print “Traffic on link Node 1 to Node 2:”, link12, “bytes”;

print “Traffic on link Node 2 to Node 3:”, link23, “bytes”;

}’ asset_management_trace.tr

This script quantifies the traffic flowing via the links amongst nodes.

Packet Forwarding Efficiency

Packet forwarding efficiency refers to how effectively the network assets (nodes and links) forward packets devoid of dropping them. You can compute packet loss and use this as an indicator of dispatching efficiency.

Here’s an AWK script to calculate packet drops and evaluate forwarding efficiency:

awk ‘

{

if ($1 == “d” && $2 == “node1”) {  # Packet dropped by node1

node1_dropped++;

}

if ($1 == “d” && $2 == “node2”) {  # Packet dropped by node2

node2_dropped++;

}

if ($1 == “d” && $2 == “node3”) {  # Packet dropped by node3

node3_dropped++;

}

}

END {

print “Packets dropped by Node 1:”, node1_dropped;

print “Packets dropped by Node 2:”, node2_dropped;

print “Packets dropped by Node 3:”, node3_dropped;

}’ asset_management_trace.tr

This script measures how many packets were dropped by each node, giving insights into packet moving efficiency.

Availability of Nodes and Links

In realistic scenarios, network assets (nodes and links) may fail or become unavailable. To replicate this, you could finish traffic at a particular node or link during the simulation and then evaluate the affect. Although this script doesn’t simulate node/link failure, you can imitate it by altering the script to terminate traffic at certain nodes or links.

  1. Assess Network Asset Health

Once you have gathers metrics on node consumption, link utilize, and packet forwarding efficiency, you can evaluate the health of the network assets. For instance:

  • High node utilization: Represents that the node may be overloaded.
  • Underutilized links: Recommends that the bandwidth is not being fully used.
  • High packet drop rate: Denotes inefficient packet forwarding, which could be a sign of a network bottleneck or evaluate failure.
  1. Mitigate Asset Utilization Issues

As per the calculated metrics, you can take corrective actions to enhance asset management:

  • Load balancing: Disperse traffic more evenly across nodes or links to prevent overloading.
  • Bandwidth management: Modify link bandwidth or improve link utilization.
  • Fault tolerance: Include redundancy or execute failover mechanisms to enhance asset existence.
  1. Visualize Asset Usage

You can use tools like Python (matplotlib) to visualize the network asset metrics or Excel to gain a better understanding of how network assets are used over time.

Example Python Plot for Node Utilization:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Example data for node utilization

nodes = [‘Node 1 (Client)’, ‘Node 2 (Gateway)’, ‘Node 3 (Server)’]

traffic = [1000000, 1500000, 1200000]  # Example traffic in bytes

plt.bar(nodes, traffic)

plt.title(‘Node Utilization’)

plt.xlabel(‘Nodes’)

plt.ylabel(‘Traffic (bytes)’)

plt.show()

Summary

To measure network asset management in NS2:

  1. Set up the simulation: Configure the network topology, nodes, and links as assets, and mimic traffic flow.
  2. Monitor asset usage: Track key metrics like node utilization, link utilization, packet forwarding efficiency, and asset availability.
  3. Calculate asset performance: AWK scripts are used to estimate traffic managed by each node, link utilization, packet drops, and asset performance.
  4. Assess asset health: Analyze whether the network assets are underutilized, overloaded, or inefficient.
  5. Mitigate issues: Apply load balancing, bandwidth optimization, or fault tolerance to optimize asset management.
  6. Visualize asset usage: Use tools like Python to visualize node and link utilization.

In the manual, we have elaborately delivered the complete guide on how to approach the calculation of network asset management in the ns2 environment by monitoring the resource utilization in the simulation set up. You can get any information related this process, if needed.

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