How to Implement E Health Networks in ns2

To implement the E-Health networks in ns2, we have to simulate a network developed to assist healthcare services like remote patient monitoring, telemedicine and data transmission amongst medical devices and healthcare suppliers. These networks concentrate on consistent, secure and low-latency communication to make certain timely and precise supply of health-based data. ns2project.com will serve you right with best implementation support.

This procedure delivers a step-by-step guide to implementing a basic E-Health Network in NS2:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

  1. Understand E-Health Network Components:
  • Medical Sensors/Devices: Devices that observe patient health and transfer data include heart rate monitors, glucose sensors and so on.
  • Wearable Devices: Portable devices worn by patients to endlessly see health metrics and interact with healthcare providers.
  • Healthcare Provider Nodes: Servers or systems positioned at hospitals or clinics that accept and assess data from medical devices.
  • Gateway Nodes: Intermediate nodes that accumulated data from sensors and transfer it to healthcare providers.
  1. Set Up the NS2 Environment:
  • Make certain to install the ns2 on your computer.
  • Make clear yourself with writing TCL scripts, as NS2 simulations are controlled via TCL.
  1. Define the Network Topology:
  • Generate nodes indicating medical sensors, wearable devices, gateway nodes, and healthcare provider systems.

# Define the simulator

set ns [new Simulator]

# Create a trace file for analysis

set tracefile [open out.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

# Create a NAM file for animation

set namfile [open out.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namfile 10

# Set up the network parameters

set opt(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel      ;# Channel type

set opt(prop)   Propagation/TwoRayGround     ;# Radio-propagation model

set opt(netif)  Phy/WirelessPhy              ;# Network interface type

set opt(mac)    Mac/802_11                   ;# MAC type

set opt(ifq)    Queue/DropTail/PriQueue      ;# Interface queue type

set opt(ll)     LL                           ;# Link layer type

set opt(ant)    Antenna/OmniAntenna          ;# Antenna model

set opt(ifqlen) 50                           ;# Max packet in ifq

set opt(x)      1000                         ;# X dimension of the topography

set opt(y)      1000                         ;# Y dimension of the topography

set opt(adhocRouting) AODV                   ;# Ad hoc routing protocol

# Create a topography object

create-god 50

# Configure the nodes (e.g., sensors, wearables, gateways, healthcare providers)

$ns node-config -adhocRouting $opt(adhocRouting) \

-llType $opt(ll) \

-macType $opt(mac) \

-ifqType $opt(ifq) \

-ifqLen $opt(ifqlen) \

-antType $opt(ant) \

-propType $opt(prop) \

-phyType $opt(netif) \

-channelType $opt(chan) \

-topoInstance $topo \

-agentTrace ON \

-routerTrace ON \

-macTrace OFF \

-movementTrace ON

# Create nodes: Medical Sensors, Wearable Devices, Gateway, Healthcare Provider

set sensor1 [$ns node]  ;# Medical Sensor 1

set sensor2 [$ns node]  ;# Medical Sensor 2

set wearable1 [$ns node]  ;# Wearable Device 1

set gateway1 [$ns node]   ;# Gateway Node 1

set healthcare1 [$ns node]   ;# Healthcare Provider System

# Set initial positions for the nodes

$sensor1 set X_ 200.0

$sensor1 set Y_ 300.0

$sensor1 set Z_ 0.0

$sensor2 set X_ 400.0

$sensor2 set Y_ 300.0

$sensor2 set Z_ 0.0

$wearable1 set X_ 300.0

$wearable1 set Y_ 400.0

$wearable1 set Z_ 0.0

$gateway1 set X_ 500.0

$gateway1 set Y_ 500.0

$gateway1 set Z_ 0.0

$healthcare1 set X_ 600.0

$healthcare1 set Y_ 600.0

$healthcare1 set Z_ 0.0

  1. Simulate Communication Between Nodes:
  • Configure communication connections amongst the sensors, wearable devices, gateway nodes, and healthcare provider systems. These links indicate the data transmission channels in the E-Health network.

# Create duplex links between nodes to simulate E-Health network communication

$ns duplex-link $sensor1 $gateway1 2Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $sensor2 $gateway1 2Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $wearable1 $gateway1 2Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $gateway1 $healthcare1 10Mb 5ms DropTail

  1. Implement Data Transmission:
  • Replicate the transmission of health data from sensors and wearable devices to the gateway and from the gateway to the healthcare provider system.

# Sensor 1 sends data to the Gateway

set udp_sensor1 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $sensor1 $udp_sensor1

set udp_gateway1_sink [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $gateway1 $udp_gateway1_sink

$ns connect $udp_sensor1 $udp_gateway1_sink

# Start sending data from Sensor 1

set sensor1_app [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$sensor1_app set packetSize_ 64

$sensor1_app set interval_ 0.1

$sensor1_app attach-agent $udp_sensor1

$ns at 1.0 “$sensor1_app start”

# Sensor 2 sends data to the Gateway

set udp_sensor2 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $sensor2 $udp_sensor2

set udp_gateway1_sink2 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $gateway1 $udp_gateway1_sink2

$ns connect $udp_sensor2 $udp_gateway1_sink2

# Start sending data from Sensor 2

set sensor2_app [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$sensor2_app set packetSize_ 64

$sensor2_app set interval_ 0.1

$sensor2_app attach-agent $udp_sensor2

$ns at 1.5 “$sensor2_app start”

# Wearable Device sends data to the Gateway

set udp_wearable1 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $wearable1 $udp_wearable1

set udp_gateway1_sink3 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $gateway1 $udp_gateway1_sink3

$ns connect $udp_wearable1 $udp_gateway1_sink3

# Start sending data from Wearable Device

set wearable1_app [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$wearable1_app set packetSize_ 64

$wearable1_app set interval_ 0.1

$wearable1_app attach-agent $udp_wearable1

$ns at 2.0 “$wearable1_app start”

# Gateway forwards data to the Healthcare Provider System

set tcp_gateway1 [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $gateway1 $tcp_gateway1

set tcp_healthcare1_sink [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $healthcare1 $tcp_healthcare1_sink

$ns connect $tcp_gateway1 $tcp_healthcare1_sink

# Start forwarding data from Gateway to Healthcare Provider System

set gateway1_app [new Application/FTP]

$gateway1_app attach-agent $tcp_gateway1

$ns at 3.0 “$gateway1_app start”

  1. Implement Security Measures:
  • Recreate secure communication channels amongst nodes to execute simplified security mechanisms includes encryption or authentication.

# Example procedure to simulate secure communication (basic encryption)

proc secure_communication {sender receiver data} {

global ns

set encrypted_data [string map {A Z B Y C X} $data] ;# Simple character substitution

$ns at [expr $ns now + 0.1] “$sender send $encrypted_data to $receiver”

puts “Secure communication: $data encrypted to $encrypted_data”

}

# Schedule secure communication between Sensor 1 and Gateway

$ns at 2.0 “secure_communication $sensor1 $gateway1 {heartbeat:75}”

  1. Implement Power Efficiency (Optional):
  • Execute the sleep modes or energy-aware transmission protocols to mimic power-efficient interaction.

# Example of simulating sleep mode for energy savings

proc enter_sleep_mode {node duration} {

global ns

puts “Node $node entering sleep mode for $duration seconds.”

$ns at [expr $ns now] “$node set power_mode OFF”

$ns at [expr $ns now + $duration] “$node set power_mode ON”

}

# Schedule nodes to enter sleep mode when idle

$ns at 5.0 “enter_sleep_mode $sensor1 2.0”

$ns at 6.0 “enter_sleep_mode $sensor2 2.0”

  1. Run the Simulation:
  • State when the simulation should finish and execute it. The finish procedure will close the trace files and introduce NAM for visualization.

# Define the finish procedure

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile namfile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

close $namfile

exec nam out.nam &

exit 0

}

# Schedule the finish procedure at 20 seconds

$ns at 20.0 “finish”

# Run the simulation

$ns run

  1. Analyze the Results:
  • Assess data transmission, network performance and energy utilization by using the trace file (out.tr).
  • Open the NAM file (out.nam) to visualize the network operations and monitor the interactions amongst medical sensors, wearable devices, gateways, and the healthcare provider system.
  1. Customize and Extend:
  • You can personalize the simulation by:
    • Indicate a bigger E-Health network with several sensors, wearable devices and gateways by attaching more nodes.
    • Executing more refined security protocols, data aggregation strategies, or power management techniques.
    • Replicating various traffic conditions like unremitting observing or emergency data transmission, to examine the consistency and performance of the E-Health network.

Example Summary:

This sample configures a simple E-Health Network simulation in NS2, concentrating on communication amongst medical sensors, wearable devices, gateways, and a healthcare provider system. It replicates data transmission, security, and power efficiency.

Advanced Considerations:

  • Consider incorporating ns2 with generalized healthcare simulation tools or setting up custom modules for more difficult situations to better replicate E-Health-specific communication protocols and sensor actions.
  • Consider to encompass modern technologies like real-time monitoring, fault detection, or health data analytics by expanding the simulation

Debugging and Optimization:

  • Debug the simulation and assess packet flows with the help of trace-all command.
  • Alter the communication protocols, modifying security features and fine-tuning network parameters for enhanced performance and energy efficiency to improve the simulation.

With this set up, we can thoroughly make you understand the implementation steps of provided example regarding E-Health Network using ns2 simulator tools. For further queries regarding this manual, we will resolve it over another report.