How to Implement Green Networking in ns2

To implement the Green Networking in ns2, we have to simulate a network set up, protocols and techniques that decrease energy utilization when upholding performance. It concentrates on improving energy consumption in network devices, minimizing the carbon footprint and optimizing the energy efficiency in communication networks.

Follow the step-by-step guide to implementing green networking concepts in NS2:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

  1. Understand Green Networking Concepts:
  • Energy Efficiency: Aim on decreasing the energy utilization of network devices like routers, switches and end devices.
  • Sleep Modes: Execute sleep modes where devices or links are powered down when not in use.
  • Load Balancing: Allocate network traffic efficiently to decrease the energy usage of devices.
  • Energy-Aware Routing: Execute routing protocols that taken into account for energy utilization as a metric for path selection.
  1. Set Up the NS2 Environment:
  • Make sure to install the ns2 on your computer.
  • Get to know with writing TCL scripts, as NS2 simulations are controlled over TCL.
  1. Define the Network Topology:
  • Generate nodes that indicate network devices. You can recreate a simple network with routers and end devices or a more difficult topology based on the environment.

# Define the simulator

set ns [new Simulator]

# Create a trace file for analysis

set tracefile [open out.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

# Create a NAM file for animation

set namfile [open out.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namfile 10

# Set up the network parameters

set opt(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel      ;# Channel type

set opt(prop)   Propagation/TwoRayGround     ;# Radio-propagation model

set opt(netif)  Phy/WirelessPhy              ;# Network interface type

set opt(mac)    Mac/802_11                   ;# MAC type

set opt(ifq)    Queue/DropTail/PriQueue      ;# Interface queue type

set opt(ll)     LL                           ;# Link layer type

set opt(ant)    Antenna/OmniAntenna          ;# Antenna model

set opt(ifqlen) 50                           ;# Max packet in ifq

set opt(x)      500                          ;# X dimension of the topography

set opt(y)      500                          ;# Y dimension of the topography

set opt(adhocRouting) AODV                   ;# Ad hoc routing protocol

# Create a topography object

create-god 30

# Configure the nodes (e.g., routers and end devices)

$ns node-config -adhocRouting $opt(adhocRouting) \

-llType $opt(ll) \

-macType $opt(mac) \

-ifqType $opt(ifq) \

-ifqLen $opt(ifqlen) \

-antType $opt(ant) \

-propType $opt(prop) \

-phyType $opt(netif) \

-channelType $opt(chan) \

-topoInstance $topo \

-agentTrace ON \

-routerTrace ON \

-macTrace OFF \

-movementTrace ON

# Create nodes: Routers and End Devices

set router1 [$ns node]  ;# Router 1

set router2 [$ns node]  ;# Router 2

set end_device1 [$ns node]  ;# End Device 1

set end_device2 [$ns node]  ;# End Device 2

# Set initial positions for the nodes

$router1 set X_ 200.0

$router1 set Y_ 250.0

$router1 set Z_ 0.0

$router2 set X_ 300.0

$router2 set Y_ 250.0

$router2 set Z_ 0.0

$end_device1 set X_ 100.0

$end_device1 set Y_ 200.0

$end_device1 set Z_ 0.0

$end_device2 set X_ 400.0

$end_device2 set Y_ 200.0

$end_device2 set Z_ 0.0

  1. Implement Energy Models:
  • Replicate the energy utilization of network nodes by executing an energy model. You can state energy levels, usage rates and sleep modes.

# Define the energy model for the nodes

set energyModel EnergyModel

set initialEnergy 1000.0   ;# Initial energy in Joules

set rxPower 0.3            ;# Power consumption for receiving in Watts

set txPower 0.5            ;# Power consumption for transmitting in Watts

set idlePower 0.1          ;# Power consumption in idle state in Watts

set sleepPower 0.01        ;# Power consumption in sleep mode in Watts

# Configure the energy model for each node

$router1 add-energy $energyModel $initialEnergy

$router1 set energyModel(rxPower) $rxPower

$router1 set energyModel(txPower) $txPower

$router1 set energyModel(idlePower) $idlePower

$router1 set energyModel(sleepPower) $sleepPower

$router2 add-energy $energyModel $initialEnergy

$router2 set energyModel(rxPower) $rxPower

$router2 set energyModel(txPower) $txPower

$router2 set energyModel(idlePower) $idlePower

$router2 set energyModel(sleepPower) $sleepPower

$end_device1 add-energy $energyModel $initialEnergy

$end_device1 set energyModel(rxPower) $rxPower

$end_device1 set energyModel(txPower) $txPower

$end_device1 set energyModel(idlePower) $idlePower

$end_device1 set energyModel(sleepPower) $sleepPower

$end_device2 add-energy $energyModel $initialEnergy

$end_device2 set energyModel(rxPower) $rxPower

$end_device2 set energyModel(txPower) $txPower

$end_device2 set energyModel(idlePower) $idlePower

$end_device2 set energyModel(sleepPower) $sleepPower

  1. Implement Sleep Modes:
  • Execute sleep modes where nodes join a low-power state when indolent or when network traffic is low.

# Example procedure to simulate sleep mode for energy savings

proc enter_sleep_mode {node duration} {

global ns

puts “Node $node entering sleep mode for $duration seconds.”

$ns at [expr $ns now] “$node set energyModel(txPower) 0.0”

$ns at [expr $ns now] “$node set energyModel(rxPower) 0.0”

$ns at [expr $ns now] “$node set energyModel(idlePower) 0.0”

$ns at [expr $ns now + $duration] “$node set energyModel(sleepPower) 0.01”

}

# Schedule nodes to enter sleep mode when idle

$ns at 5.0 “enter_sleep_mode $router1 5.0”

$ns at 10.0 “enter_sleep_mode $router2 5.0”

  1. Simulate Energy-Aware Routing:
  • Execute or adjust a routing protocol to consider energy utilization when making routing decisions.

# Example of implementing energy-aware routing logic

proc energy_aware_routing {src dst} {

global ns

set energy [expr rand() * 100]  ;# Simulate remaining energy as a random value

if {$energy < 20} {

puts “Low energy detected at $src, choosing alternate path.”

# Implement logic to choose a route that conserves energy

} else {

puts “Normal energy level at $src, using standard routing.”

# Use default routing behavior

}

}

# Schedule energy-aware routing decisions

$ns at 1.5 “energy_aware_routing $router1 $end_device1”

$ns at 2.5 “energy_aware_routing $router2 $end_device2”

  1. Run the Simulation:
  • State when the replicate should break and run it. The finish procedure will close the trace files and present NAM for visualization.

# Define the finish procedure

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile namfile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

close $namfile

exec nam out.nam &

exit 0

}

# Schedule the finish procedure at 20 seconds

$ns at 20.0 “finish”

# Run the simulation

$ns run

  1. Analyze the Results:
  • Evaluate the energy utilization, network performance or other metrics by using the trace file (out.tr).
  • Visualize the network operations and monitor the effect of energy-saving techniques by opening the NAM file (out.nam).
  1. Customize and Extend:
  • You can personalize the simulation by:
    • Attach more nodes and changing their energy utilization patterns.
    • Executing advanced energy-aware protocols like sleep scheduling, dynamic voltage scaling, or green routing protocols.
    • Replicating various traffic loads to assess the trade-offs amongst energy savings and performance.

Example Summary:

This example configures a basic green networking simulation in NS2, concentrating on energy efficiency, sleep modes, and energy-aware routing. It presents an energy model for the network nodes and imitates energy-saving techniques.

Advanced Considerations:

  • For more difficult situation, you might want to explore incorporating NS2 with other tools for power modeling, or building custom modules to better simulate latest green networking techniques.
  • Account for expanding the energy model to contain battery depletion, energy harvesting, or other power-related mechanisms.

Debugging and Optimization:

  • Debug the simulation and evaluate the packet flows by using the trace-all command.
  • Enhance the simulation by cleansing energy models, modifying sleep mode timings, and fine-tuning network parameters for well energy efficiency.

At the end of the approach, you can acquire the knowledge on how to implement the Green networking using ns2 by generating a network topology and simulating the energy models and sleep modes and then energy-aware routing protocol. You can also extend the simulation or customize it.

Let our professionals to implement your green networking in ns2. You will receive the best implementation support from ns2project.com. Give us all the information about your project, and our developers will help you analyze it and come up with the best solutions