How to Implement Network Cluster Transmission in NS2

To implement the Network Cluster Transmission using NS2 (Network Simulator 2) that can execute by replicating clusters of nodes like in wireless sensor networks or ad-hoc networks, which transfer the data to a cluster head in which turn forwards the aggregated data to a central node or base station. This cluster-based transmission is helpful for enhancing the resource usage, reducing communication overhead, and enhancing network scalability.

Below we provide the methods on how to implement Network Cluster Transmission within NS2 by describing clusters of nodes and configure communication among the nodes and the cluster head that transmits the aggregated data to a central node.

Steps to Implement Network Cluster Transmission in NS2:

  1. Set up the Network Topology: Make a clusters of nodes and describe communication links among the nodes and the cluster head.
  2. Define Cluster Communication: Setup the traffic for the nodes to transfer data to the cluster head.
  3. Define Cluster Head Communication: Configure communication for the cluster head to forward data to the base station.
  4. Enable Routing and Communication between Clusters: We can use the routing protocols to manage the communication among the cluster heads and the base station.

Step-by-Step Implementation:

  1. Set Up the Network Topology

Initially, we make a nodes are denoting the sensor nodes in each cluster and the cluster heads. These cluster heads will combined the data from the sensor nodes and send it to a base station.

Example TCL Script for Basic Setup:

# Create a simulator instance

set ns [new Simulator]

# Define link parameters (bandwidth and delay)

set bw 1Mb          ;# Bandwidth for communication between nodes

set delay 10ms      ;# Delay for communication between nodes

# Create nodes for Cluster 1

set node1 [$ns node]   ;# Sensor Node 1 in Cluster 1

set node2 [$ns node]   ;# Sensor Node 2 in Cluster 1

set node3 [$ns node]   ;# Cluster Head for Cluster 1

# Create nodes for Cluster 2

set node4 [$ns node]   ;# Sensor Node 1 in Cluster 2

set node5 [$ns node]   ;# Sensor Node 2 in Cluster 2

set node6 [$ns node]   ;# Cluster Head for Cluster 2

# Create a Base Station

set base_station [$ns node]   ;# Base station to receive data from cluster heads

# Create links between Sensor Nodes and their Cluster Heads

$ns duplex-link $node1 $node3 $bw $delay DropTail   ;# Link from Node 1 to Cluster Head

$ns duplex-link $node2 $node3 $bw $delay DropTail   ;# Link from Node 2 to Cluster Head

$ns duplex-link $node4 $node6 $bw $delay DropTail   ;# Link from Node 4 to Cluster Head

$ns duplex-link $node5 $node6 $bw $delay DropTail   ;# Link from Node 5 to Cluster Head

# Create links between Cluster Heads and the Base Station

$ns duplex-link $node3 $base_station $bw $delay DropTail  ;# Cluster 1 Head to Base Station

$ns duplex-link $node6 $base_station $bw $delay DropTail  ;# Cluster 2 Head to Base Station

In this setup:

  • node1 and node2 are sensor nodes in Cluster 1, including node3 as the Cluster Head.
  • node4 and node5 are sensor nodes in Cluster 2, with node6 as the Cluster Head.
  • base_station is the central node, which receives data from the cluster heads.
  1. Define Cluster Communication

Every single node in the cluster communicates including its cluster head. We can use UDP agents to replicate data transmission among the sensor nodes and the cluster head.

Example of Configuring Cluster Communication:

# Cluster 1: Configure communication from Sensor Node 1 and Node 2 to Cluster Head

# Create a UDP agent for Sensor Node 1 (Node 1) to send data to the Cluster Head (Node 3)

set udp_node1 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node1 $udp_node1

# Create CBR traffic generator for Node 1

set cbr_node1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_node1 set packet_size_ 500      ;# Packet size in bytes

$cbr_node1 set rate_ 512Kb           ;# Data rate

$cbr_node1 attach-agent $udp_node1

# Create a UDP sink at Cluster Head (Node 3)

set null_sink_node3 [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $node3 $null_sink_node3

# Connect Node 1 to Cluster Head (Node 3)

$ns connect $udp_node1 $null_sink_node3

# Similar setup for Node 2 in Cluster 1

set udp_node2 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node2 $udp_node2

set cbr_node2 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_node2 set packet_size_ 500

$cbr_node2 set rate_ 512Kb

$cbr_node2 attach-agent $udp_node2

set null_sink_node3 [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $node3 $null_sink_node3

$ns connect $udp_node2 $null_sink_node3

# Start and stop the traffic from the sensor nodes

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_node1 start”

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_node2 start”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_node1 stop”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_node2 stop”

This configures permits the nodes such as Node1 and Node2 (sensor nodes) to send data to Node3 (cluster head) using UDP and CBR (Constant Bit Rate) traffic.

  1. Define Cluster Head Communication

The cluster head combines data from the sensor nodes and forwards it to the base station. We can make a distinct communication link among the cluster head and the base station for these purpose.

Example of Configuring Cluster Head Communication:

# Create a UDP agent for Cluster Head (Node 3) to send data to the Base Station

set udp_cluster1 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node3 $udp_cluster1

# Create CBR traffic generator for the Cluster Head

set cbr_cluster1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_cluster1 set packet_size_ 1000   ;# Larger packet size for aggregated data

$cbr_cluster1 set rate_ 1Mb           ;# Higher data rate

$cbr_cluster1 attach-agent $udp_cluster1

# Create a UDP sink at the Base Station

set null_sink_bs [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $base_station $null_sink_bs

# Connect Cluster Head (Node 3) to the Base Station

$ns connect $udp_cluster1 $null_sink_bs

# Start and stop the traffic from the Cluster Head

$ns at 2.0 “$cbr_cluster1 start”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_cluster1 stop”

This configures permits the Node3 (the cluster head) to aggregate data from Node1 and Node2, and send it to the Base Station.

  1. Enable Routing and Communication between Clusters

We can enlarge the configuration to contain several clusters. Every single cluster head will send its aggregated data to the base station.

Example for Cluster 2 Communication:

# Cluster 2: Setup communication from Sensor Nodes (Node 4 and Node 5) to Cluster Head (Node 6)

# Node 4 to Cluster Head (Node 6)

set udp_node4 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node4 $udp_node4

set cbr_node4 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_node4 set packet_size_ 500

$cbr_node4 set rate_ 512Kb

$cbr_node4 attach-agent $udp_node4

set null_sink_node6 [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $node6 $null_sink_node6

$ns connect $udp_node4 $null_sink_node6

# Node 5 to Cluster Head (Node 6)

set udp_node5 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node5 $udp_node5

set cbr_node5 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_node5 set packet_size_ 500

$cbr_node5 set rate_ 512Kb

$cbr_node5 attach-agent $udp_node5

$ns connect $udp_node5 $null_sink_node6

# Cluster Head (Node 6) to Base Station

set udp_cluster2 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node6 $udp_cluster2

set cbr_cluster2 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_cluster2 set packet_size_ 1000

$cbr_cluster2 set rate_ 1Mb

$cbr_cluster2 attach-agent $udp_cluster2

$ns connect $udp_cluster2 $null_sink_bs

# Start and stop the traffic from Cluster 2

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_node4 start”

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_node5 start”

$ns at 2.0 “$cbr_cluster2 start”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_node4 stop”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_node5 stop”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_cluster2 stop”

Above code configures the communication for Cluster 2 that Node4 and Node5 forward the data to the Cluster Head (Node6), and Node6 sends the aggregated data to the base station.

  1. Enable Tracing and Monitor Communication

The simulation platform NS2 delivers tracing capabilities, which permit to observe how packets are transferred and aggregated over the network. We can allow tracing to capture details of packet transmissions, drops, and routing decisions.

Enable Trace Files:

# Enable tracing for the simulation

set tracefile [open “cluster_transmission_trace.tr” w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

# Define a finish procedure to end the simulation and close the trace file

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

exit 0

}

# Set the simulation end time

$ns at 20.0 “finish”

This trace file will capture packet transmissions, drops, and any forwarding behaviour by the cluster heads, permitting to examine the network performance.

  1. Run the Simulation

We run the simulation to monitor how the cluster heads send aggregated data to the base station and how the nodes in each cluster communicate with their corresponding cluster heads.

# Run the simulation

$ns run

Example Complete TCL Script for Network Cluster Transmission Simulation

# Create a simulator instance

set ns [new Simulator]

# Define link parameters (bandwidth and delay)

set bw 1Mb

set delay 10ms

# Create nodes for Cluster 1

set node1 [$ns node]

set node2 [$ns node]

set node3 [$ns node]   ;# Cluster Head

# Create nodes for Cluster 2

set node4 [$ns node]

set node5 [$ns node]

set node6 [$ns node]   ;# Cluster Head

# Create Base Station

set base_station [$ns node]

# Create links between Sensor Nodes and Cluster Heads

$ns duplex-link $node1 $node3 $bw $delay DropTail

$ns duplex-link $node2 $node3 $bw $delay DropTail

$ns duplex-link $node4 $node6 $bw $delay DropTail

$ns duplex-link $node5 $node6 $bw $delay DropTail

# Create links between Cluster Heads and the Base Station

$ns duplex-link $node3 $base_station $bw $delay DropTail

$ns duplex-link $node6 $base_station $bw $delay DropTail

# Cluster 1: Communication from Nodes to Cluster Head

set udp_node1 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node1 $udp_node1

set cbr_node1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_node1 set packet_size_ 500

$cbr_node1 set rate_ 512Kb

$cbr_node1 attach-agent $udp_node1

set null_sink_node3 [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $node3 $null_sink_node3

$ns connect $udp_node1 $null_sink_node3

set udp_node2 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node2 $udp_node2

set cbr_node2 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_node2 set packet_size_ 500

$cbr_node2 set rate_ 512Kb

$cbr_node2 attach-agent $udp_node2

$ns connect $udp_node2 $null_sink_node3

# Cluster Head (Node 3) to Base Station

set udp_cluster1 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node3 $udp_cluster1

set cbr_cluster1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_cluster1 set packet_size_ 1000

$cbr_cluster1 set rate_ 1Mb

$cbr_cluster1 attach-agent $udp_cluster1

$ns connect $udp_cluster1 $base_station

# Cluster 2: Communication from Nodes to Cluster Head

set udp_node4 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node4 $udp_node4

set cbr_node4 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_node4 set packet_size_ 500

$cbr_node4 set rate_ 512Kb

$cbr_node4 attach-agent $udp_node4

set null_sink_node6 [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $node6 $null_sink_node6

$ns connect $udp_node4 $null_sink_node6

set udp_node5 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node5 $udp_node5

set cbr_node5 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_node5 set packet_size_ 500

$cbr_node5 set rate_ 512Kb

$cbr_node5 attach-agent $udp_node5

$ns connect $udp_node5 $null_sink_node6

# Cluster Head (Node 6) to Base Station

set udp_cluster2 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node6 $udp_cluster2

set cbr_cluster2 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_cluster2 set packet_size_ 1000

$cbr_cluster2 set rate_ 1Mb

$cbr_cluster2 attach-agent $udp_cluster2

$ns connect $udp_cluster2 $base_station

# Start and stop traffic

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_node1 start”

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_node2 start”

$ns at 2.0 “$cbr_cluster1 start”

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_node4 start”

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_node5 start”

$ns at 2.0 “$cbr_cluster2 start”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_node1 stop”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_node2 stop”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_cluster1 stop”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_node4 stop”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_node5 stop”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_cluster2 stop”

# Enable tracing

set tracefile [open “cluster_transmission_trace.tr” w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

# End simulation

$ns at 20.0 “finish”

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

exit 0

}

# Run the simulation

$ns run

In the end, you gain more knowledge and clearly know how to execute and analyse the Network Cluster Transmission using the ns2 simulation with the help of the above procedure with relevant instances. Further procedures and concepts will be offered in another manual, if required. Our team emphasize the latest research methodologies to ensure optimal results. Reach out to ns2project.com for top-notch Network Cluster Transmission implementation using the ns2 tool, where we share outstanding outcomes tailored to your projects. Our developers are dedicated to providing exceptional project support, focusing on improving resource utilization, minimizing communication overhead, and boosting network scalability. Connect with us for the best topics and ideas