How to Implement Network Context Aware in ns2

To implement a Network Context-Aware (NCA) system in NS2 has several steps that have to generate a network that can adjust its characteristics based on the context or environment that operates. This could contain to adapt the routing protocols, transmission rates, or other network performance metrics based on factors like node mobility, traffic patterns, or environmental conditions.

Refer to the manual to set up Network Context Aware with ns2. For customized services, feel free to reach out to us. We also offer excellent thesis ideas and topics, and we specialize in routing protocols, transmission rates, or other network performance metrics.

Step-by-Step Implementation:

  1. Understand Network Context-Aware Components:
  • Context Parameters: These could involve node mobility, traffic load, environmental conditions, energy levels, or other factors that influence network behaviour.
  • Adaptive Mechanisms: These mechanisms adapts the network metrics according to  the current context, like varying routing protocols, adapting transmission power, or selects the certain kinds of traffic.
  • Monitoring System: A system that continuously monitors the network context and causes adjustments as needed.
  1. Set Up the NS2 Environment:
  • Make sure NS2 is installed on the system.
  • Understand with writing TCL scripts, as NS2 simulations are controlled through TCL.
  1. Define the Network Topology:
  • Generate nodes that signify the devices in the network. These nodes will communicate based on the context-aware mechanisms to implement.

# Define the simulator

set ns [new Simulator]

# Create a trace file for analysis

set tracefile [open out.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

# Create a NAM file for animation

set namfile [open out.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namfile 10

# Set up the network parameters

set opt(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel      ;# Wireless channel for context-aware nodes

set opt(prop)   Propagation/TwoRayGround     ;# Propagation model

set opt(netif)  Phy/WirelessPhy              ;# Network interface type

set opt(mac)    Mac/802_11                   ;# MAC type for wireless communication

set opt(ifq)    Queue/DropTail/PriQueue      ;# Interface queue type

set opt(ll)     LL                           ;# Link layer type

set opt(ant)    Antenna/OmniAntenna          ;# Antenna model

set opt(ifqlen) 50                           ;# Queue size

set opt(x)      1000                         ;# X dimension of the topography

set opt(y)      1000                         ;# Y dimension of the topography

set opt(adhocRouting) AODV                   ;# Ad hoc routing protocol

# Create a topography object

create-god 20

# Configure the nodes (e.g., context-aware nodes)

$ns node-config -adhocRouting $opt(adhocRouting) \

-llType $opt(ll) \

-macType $opt(mac) \

-ifqType $opt(ifq) \

-ifqLen $opt(ifqlen) \

-antType $opt(ant) \

-propType $opt(prop) \

-phyType $opt(netif) \

-channelType $opt(chan) \

-topoInstance $topo \

-agentTrace ON \

-routerTrace ON \

-macTrace OFF \

-movementTrace ON

# Create context-aware nodes

set node1 [$ns node]  ;# Context-Aware Node 1

set node2 [$ns node]  ;# Context-Aware Node 2

set node3 [$ns node]  ;# Context-Aware Node 3

set node4 [$ns node]  ;# Context-Aware Node 4

# Set initial positions for the nodes

$node1 set X_ 100.0

$node1 set Y_ 500.0

$node1 set Z_ 0.0

$node2 set X_ 200.0

$node2 set Y_ 500.0

$node2 set Z_ 0.0

$node3 set X_ 300.0

$node3 set Y_ 500.0

$node3 set Z_ 0.0

$node4 set X_ 400.0

$node4 set Y_ 500.0

$node4 set Z_ 0.0

  1. Implement Context Monitoring:
  • Generate a mechanism to observe context parameters like node mobility, traffic load, or environmental conditions.

# Example of context monitoring for node mobility

proc monitor_mobility {node} {

global ns

set current_position [$node set X_]

set current_time [$ns now]

puts “Node $node at position $current_position at time $current_time”

# Schedule next mobility check

$ns at [expr $ns now + 1.0] “monitor_mobility $node”

}

# Start monitoring mobility for Node 1

$ns at 1.0 “monitor_mobility $node1”

  1. Implement Adaptive Mechanisms:
  • According to the monitored context, apply a mechanism that adapts network parameters dynamically.

# Example of adapting transmission power based on node mobility

proc adapt_transmission_power {node} {

global ns

set speed [expr {rand() * 10}]  ;# Simulated speed of the node

if {$speed > 5.0} {

puts “Node $node is moving fast, increasing transmission power”

$node set transmit_power_ 0.1  ;# Increase transmission power

} else {

puts “Node $node is moving slow, reducing transmission power”

$node set transmit_power_ 0.05  ;# Reduce transmission power

}

# Schedule next adaptation

$ns at [expr $ns now + 1.0] “adapt_transmission_power $node”

}

# Start adapting transmission power for Node 1

$ns at 2.0 “adapt_transmission_power $node1”

  1. Implement Context-Aware Routing:
  • Execute routing decisions that adjust according to the context, like switching routing protocols based on network conditions.

# Example of context-aware routing based on traffic load

proc context_aware_routing {src dst traffic_load} {

global ns

if {$traffic_load > 50} {

puts “High traffic load detected, switching to optimized routing protocol”

$ns at [expr $ns now + 0.1] “$src switch_to_high_traffic_protocol”

} else {

puts “Low traffic load, using default routing protocol”

$ns at [expr $ns now + 0.1] “$src use_default_protocol”

}

# Send packet after deciding the routing protocol

$ns at [expr $ns now + 0.5] “$src send_packet_to $dst”

}

# Start context-aware routing from Node 1 to Node 3

$ns at 3.0 “context_aware_routing $node1 $node3 60”  ;# Simulated high traffic load

  1. Simulate Data Transmission:
  • Execute data transmission among the nodes, with context-aware adaptations applied.

# Node 1 sends data to Node 3, adapting based on context

set tcp_node1 [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $node1 $tcp_node1

set tcp_node3_sink [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $node3 $tcp_node3_sink

$ns connect $tcp_node1 $tcp_node3_sink

# Start sending data from Node 1 to Node 3

set app_node1 [new Application/FTP]

$app_node1 attach-agent $tcp_node1

$ns at 4.0 “$app_node1 start”

  1. Run the Simulation:
  • Describe as they the simulation should terminate and executed it. The finish procedure will close the trace files and launch NAM for visualization.

# Define the finish procedure

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile namfile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

close $namfile

exec nam out.nam &

exit 0

}

# Schedule the finish procedure at 20 seconds

$ns at 20.0 “finish”

# Run the simulation

$ns run

  1. Analyse the Results:
  • Use the trace file (out.tr) to evaluate on how context-aware adaptations influenced data transmission, network performance, and overall system behaviour.
  • Open the NAM file (out.nam) to visualize the network operations and monitor on how the communication among context-aware nodes.
  1. Customize and Extend:
  • Customize the simulation by:
    • Establishing more context parameters, like environmental conditions, energy levels, or user demands.
    • Executing more advanced context-aware mechanisms, like AI-driven decisions or machine learning-based predictions.
    • Replicate the various scenarios, like changing traffic loads, dynamic node mobility, or network failures.

In this manual, we deliver the detailed procedure about how to operate the Network Context-Aware (NCA) system and how to analyse the outcomes in the ns2 simulation tool. Further specifics details regarding the Network Context-Aware (NCA) system will be provided