How to Implement Optic 5G Networks in NS2

To implement Optical 5G Networks in NS2 has needs to integrate the features of 5G mobile networks with optical fiber networks. In this setting, 5G denotes the radio access network (RAN), since an optical fiber is used as the backbone for high-speed data transmission. The optical part delivers the high-speed transport of data among 5G base stations (gNodeBs) and the core network.

Since NS2 does not natively support 5G protocols or optical network-specific technologies, that can mimic this scenario by modelling high-speed links (optical fiber) among nodes that denotes 5G base stations and replicating mobile nodes that connect to these base stations.

Here, is a step-by-step procedure to achieve this process by ns2:

Steps to Implement Optical 5G Networks in NS2:

  1. Set up the Simulation Environment

The simulation will contain to generate mobile nodes that denote 5G user equipment, UEs, base stations (gNodeBs), and core network nodes associated through optical links. We will configure a topology in which 5G nodes connect across gNodeBs, and optical links are used among gNodeBs and the core network.

Example TCL Script for Basic Setup:

# Create a simulator instance

set ns [new Simulator]

# Set link parameters for optical fiber (high-speed)

set bw 10Gb          ;# Bandwidth for optical fiber links (can be set to 10Gbps or higher)

set delay 1ms        ;# Delay for optical fiber links

# Create 5G gNodeB nodes (representing base stations)

set gnodeb1 [$ns node]

set gnodeb2 [$ns node]

# Create core network nodes (representing optical transport)

set core1 [$ns node]

set core2 [$ns node]

# Create high-speed optical links between base stations and core network nodes

$ns duplex-link $gnodeb1 $core1 $bw $delay DropTail

$ns duplex-link $gnodeb2 $core1 $bw $delay DropTail

$ns duplex-link $core1 $core2 $bw $delay DropTail

This setup inroduces the 5G base stations (gNodeBs) and core network nodes associated through high-speed optical fiber links. The links replicate the high data rate and low latency of an optical fiber backbone in 5G architecture.

  1. Configure Mobile Nodes (UEs)

Next, replicate the User Equipment (UE) that associating to the 5G network via the gNodeBs. In NS2, mobile nodes can denotes UEs that move around the network and interact through the gNodeBs.

Example of Setting Up Mobile Nodes:

# Create mobile nodes (representing User Equipment, UEs)

set ue1 [$ns node]

set ue2 [$ns node]

# Define mobility model for UEs (to simulate movement in the 5G network)

$ue1 set X_ 0

$ue1 set Y_ 0

$ue2 set X_ 100

$ue2 set Y_ 100

# UEs will communicate through gNodeBs (base stations)

$ns duplex-link $ue1 $gnodeb1 $bw $delay DropTail

$ns duplex-link $ue2 $gnodeb2 $bw $delay DropTail

This setup replicates two UEs connecting to two different gNodeBs, which in turn associate to the core network through optical links.

  1. Configure Traffic between UEs and the Core Network

In 5G, UEs interacts with the core network via the gNodeBs. We can setup UDP or TCP traffic to mimic the information flow from the UEs to the core network via the gNodeBs.

Example of Creating Traffic from UEs to the Core Network:

# Create a UDP agent at UE1 (for uplink traffic)

set udp_ue1 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $ue1 $udp_ue1

# Create a CBR traffic generator to simulate data from UE1 to the core network

set cbr_ue1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_ue1 set packet_size_ 1000

$cbr_ue1 set rate_ 1Gb     ;# Data rate to simulate high data usage in 5G

$cbr_ue1 attach-agent $udp_ue1

# Create a UDP sink at core2 (representing the core network)

set null_core2 [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $core2 $null_core2

# Connect UE1 to the core network via gNodeB and optical fiber links

$ns connect $udp_ue1 $null_core2

# Start and stop the traffic

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_ue1 start”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_ue1 stop”

This configuration generates data traffic from UE1 to the core network (core2) via the gNodeB (base station) and optical fiber backbone.

  1. Simulate Handover in 5G Networks

In 5G, mobile users can move among diverse gNodeBs, causing a handover event in which the UE switches from one gNodeB to another. We can replicate this by moving the UEs and changing their connection from one gNodeB to another during the simulation.

Example of Simulating Handover:

# Initially, UE2 is connected to gNodeB2

$ns duplex-link $ue2 $gnodeb2 $bw $delay DropTail

# At time 5.0, handover UE2 to gNodeB1

$ns at 5.0 “$ns rtmodel-at 5.0 down $ue2 $gnodeb2”

$ns at 5.0 “$ns rtmodel-at 5.0 up $ue2 $gnodeb1”

In this sample, UE2 is initially connected to gNodeB2, and at 5 seconds, it switches to gNodeB1, that mimics the handover process in a 5G network.

  1. Monitor and Trace the Simulation

To observe the performance of the optical 5G network, that permit tracing to capture events like packet transmissions, losses, and handover events. we can measure this data to measure network performance.

Enable Trace Files:

# Enable tracing for the simulation

set tracefile [open “optical_5g_trace.tr” w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

# Define a finish procedure to end the simulation and close the trace file

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

exit 0

}

# Set the simulation end time

$ns at 20.0 “finish”

The trace file will record all network events, that enable them to measure the behaviour of the UEs, the gNodeBs, and the optical links.

  1. Run the Simulation

At the end, execute the simulation to monitor the conduct of the optical 5G network that has data transmission among UEs and the core network and handover among gNodeBs.

# Run the simulation

$ns run

Example Complete TCL Script for Optical 5G Network Simulation

# Create a simulator instance

set ns [new Simulator]

# Set optical fiber link parameters

set bw 10Gb

set delay 1ms

# Create gNodeB (5G base station) nodes

set gnodeb1 [$ns node]

set gnodeb2 [$ns node]

# Create core network nodes

set core1 [$ns node]

set core2 [$ns node]

# Connect gNodeBs to the core network via optical fiber links

$ns duplex-link $gnodeb1 $core1 $bw $delay DropTail

$ns duplex-link $gnodeb2 $core1 $bw $delay DropTail

$ns duplex-link $core1 $core2 $bw $delay DropTail

# Create mobile nodes (User Equipment, UEs)

set ue1 [$ns node]

set ue2 [$ns node]

# Connect UEs to gNodeBs

$ns duplex-link $ue1 $gnodeb1 $bw $delay DropTail

$ns duplex-link $ue2 $gnodeb2 $bw $delay DropTail

# Create UDP agent for UE1 (uplink traffic)

set udp_ue1 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $ue1 $udp_ue1

# Create CBR traffic generator for UE1

set cbr_ue1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_ue1 set packet_size_ 1000

$cbr_ue1 set rate_ 1Gb

$cbr_ue1 attach-agent $udp_ue1

# Create UDP sink at core2 (core network)

set null_core2 [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $core2 $null_core2

# Connect UE1 to the core network

$ns connect $udp_ue1 $null_core2

# Start and stop traffic

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_ue1 start”

$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_ue1 stop”

# Simulate handover for UE2 from gNodeB2 to gNodeB1

$ns at 5.0 “$ns rtmodel-at 5.0 down $ue2 $gnodeb2”

$ns at 5.0 “$ns rtmodel-at 5.0 up $ue2 $gnodeb1”

# Enable tracing

set tracefile [open “optical_5g_trace.tr” w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

# End simulation

$ns at 20.0 “finish”

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

exit 0

}

# Run the simulation

$ns run

We had successfully delivered the basic implementation process to execute the optical 5G network in the ns2 tool environment. If you need more details regarding this implementation process we will provide it too. ns2project.com group of specialists is here to help you come up with the best thesis ideas and topics that match your interests. If you’re looking for great results in implementing Optic 5G Networks, feel free to reach out to the ns2project.com team. We also provide support for 5G protocols and technologies specific to optical networks.