How to Implement rip protocol in ns2

To implement the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) in Network Simulator 2 (NS2), we will need to follow a series of steps that has to configure a network topology, setup the nodes to use RIP, and then mimic the routing process. RIP is a distance-vector routing protocol, and although NS2 does not support natively to the RIP implementation. We can also mimic its characteristics by setting up the routing tables manually or using available extensions.

Check out the provided manual for guidance on setting up the RIP protocol with NS2.

The given below are the procedures to mimic the RIP-like behaviour in NS2:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

  1. Set Up the NS2 Environment:
  • Make sure NS2 is installed on the system and appropriately configured.
  1. Create the Network Topology:
  • Describe a simple network topology with multiple nodes and these nodes will signifies the routers in the network.

Example:

set ns [new Simulator]

set nf [open out.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all $nf

set n1 [$ns node]

set n2 [$ns node]

set n3 [$ns node]

set n4 [$ns node]

$ns duplex-link $n1 $n2 1Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $n2 $n3 1Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $n3 $n4 1Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $n1 $n3 1Mb 10ms DropTail

  1. Set Up Routing Tables:
  • RIP performs by interchange routing information with neighbours. In NS2, we need to mimic this by manually configuring the routing tables or by using scripts to implement the routing update process.

Example of manual routing setup:

$n1 rtproto DV

$n2 rtproto DV

$n3 rtproto DV

$n4 rtproto DV

$n1 add-route $n4 1 $n2

$n2 add-route $n4 1 $n3

$n3 add-route $n1 1 $n2

$n4 add-route $n1 1 $n3

  • This setup implements the impacts of RIP in which the routes are determined based on the distance (hop count) to each destination.
  1. Configure Traffic Flow:
  • Describe traffic among the nodes to monitor on how the routing works and completed by attaching agents and defining flows.

Example:

set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $n1 $udp0

set null0 [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $n4 $null0

$ns connect $udp0 $null0

set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr set packetSize_ 512

$cbr set rate_ 1Mb

$cbr attach-agent $udp0

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr start”

  1. Simulate RIP Updates:
  • To mimic RIP updates by intermittently varying the routing tables to reflect the information exchange process that occurs in RIP.

Example of a simple update mechanism:

proc rip_update {} {

global ns n1 n2 n3 n4

# Example of updating the routing table at time 10.0s

$ns at 10.0 “$n1 add-route $n4 2 $n3”

$ns at 10.0 “$n2 add-route $n4 2 $n4”

}

$ns at 10.0 “rip_update”

  1. Run the Simulation:
  • Execute the simulation to see how the packets are transmitted via the network.

Example:

$ns at 20.0 “finish”

$ns run

  1. Analyse the Results:
  • Use the trace file (out.nam) to visualize the network in NAM (Network Animator) and evaluate on how packets are routed.
  • Check if the routing tables are properly updated and packets are following the expected paths.
  1. Enhancements:
  • Dynamic Routing Updates: Execute a more dynamic update process in which the routing tables are updated according to the simulated link failures or variation in network topology.
  • Extended Functionality: Incorporate with actual distance-vector algorithms in NS2, or use an external module if available, to manage the more complex scenarios.

We had successfully executed the Routing information protocol that was executed using the tool of ns2 that has to generate the topology then apply the routing process and finally analyse the outcomes. If you need more information about the routing information protocol we will provide it. We’re also here to assist you in configuring your network topology and setting up nodes for your projects. Reach out to ns2project.com for top-notch support and to get thesis ideas and topics from us!