How to Implement SPIN Protocol in NS2

 

To implement the Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation (SPIN) protocol in NS2 has needs to emulate a protocol that intended for effective data dissemination in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). SPIN uses meta-data negotiation to exclude redundant data transmissions, conserve energy, and make sure that only useful information is interacted. The given below is the Procedure to implement a simple SPIN in NS2:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

Step 1: Understand SPIN Protocol

SPIN is intended to overcome the inefficiencies of flooding by using meta-data to publicize the availability of data, request data, and send data. The basic steps include:

  • ADV (Advertisement): A node advertises the availability of data.
  • REQ (Request): Involved nodes request the data.
  • DATA: The actual data is transmitted.

Step 2: Set Up NS2

Make sure that NS2 is installed on the system.

Step 3: Implement SPIN Protocol

  1. Create the SPIN Agent Class (C++)

We need to generate a new C++ class in NS2 that executes the SPIN protocol.

Here is a basic structure:

#include <agent.h>

#include <packet.h>

#include <trace.h>

#include <address.h>

class SPINAgent : public Agent {

public:

SPINAgent();

void recv(Packet* p, Handler* h);

void sendAdvertisement();

void processAdvertisement(Packet* p);

void sendRequest();

void sendData(Packet* p);

protected:

int seq_num_;  // Sequence number to track data versions

int metadata_;  // Example meta-data representation

};

// Constructor

SPINAgent::SPINAgent() : Agent(PT_UDP), seq_num_(0), metadata_(0) {

// Initialization code here

}

// Packet reception

void SPINAgent::recv(Packet* p, Handler* h) {

hdr_cmn* hdr = hdr_cmn::access(p);

if (hdr->ptype() == PT_SPIN_ADV) {

processAdvertisement(p);

} else if (hdr->ptype() == PT_SPIN_REQ) {

sendData(p);

} else if (hdr->ptype() == PT_SPIN_DATA) {

// Process received data

}

}

// Send advertisement

void SPINAgent::sendAdvertisement() {

// Implement the logic to send ADV packet

}

// Process advertisement

void SPINAgent::processAdvertisement(Packet* p) {

// Implement the logic to handle received ADV packet

// If interested, send a REQ packet

sendRequest();

}

// Send request for data

void SPINAgent::sendRequest() {

// Implement the logic to send REQ packet

}

// Send data

void SPINAgent::sendData(Packet* p) {

// Implement the logic to send DATA packet

}

  1. Integrate the SPIN Agent into NS2
  1. Modify the Makefile: Attach the new SPIN class to the NS2 Makefile so that it acquires compiled with the rest of the simulator.
  2. Recompile NS2:

make clean

make

Step 4: Create a Tcl Script to Simulate SPIN

Just the once SPIN is executed and compiled, generate a Tcl script to mimic a network using SPIN.

Example Tcl Script:

# Create a simulator object

set ns [new Simulator]

# Define the topology

set val(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel

set val(prop)   Propagation/TwoRayGround

set val(netif)  Phy/WirelessPhy

set val(mac)    Mac/802_11

set val(ifq)    Queue/DropTail/PriQueue

set val(ll)     LL

set val(ant)    Antenna/OmniAntenna

set val(ifqlen) 50

set val(nn)     10

set val(x)      1000

set val(y)      1000

set val(stop)   100.0

set val(rp)     SPIN   ;# Routing protocol

# Initialize the topology object

set topo [new Topography]

$topo load_flatgrid $val(x) $val(y)

# Create the God object

create-god $val(nn)

# Configure the nodes

$ns node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp) \

-llType $val(ll) \

-macType $val(mac) \

-ifqType $val(ifq) \

-ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \

-antType $val(ant) \

-propType $val(prop) \

-phyType $val(netif) \

-channelType $val(chan) \

-topoInstance $topo \

-agentTrace ON \

-routerTrace ON \

-macTrace ON \

-movementTrace ON

# Create nodes

for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} {

set node_($i) [$ns node]

}

# Define node positions

$node_(0) set X_ 100.0; $node_(0) set Y_ 200.0

$node_(1) set X_ 300.0; $node_(1) set Y_ 400.0

$node_(2) set X_ 500.0; $node_(2) set Y_ 600.0

$node_(3) set X_ 700.0; $node_(3) set Y_ 800.0

$node_(4) set X_ 900.0; $node_(4) set Y_ 1000.0

# Set up initial data advertisement

$ns at 5.0 “$node_(0) sendAdvertisement”

# Simulation end

$ns at $val(stop) “stop”

$ns at $val(stop) “$ns nam-end-wireless $val(stop)”

$ns at $val(stop) “exit 0”

proc stop {} {

global ns tracefile namfile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

close $namfile

}

# Run the simulation

$ns run

Step 5: Run the Simulation

  1. Save the Tcl script (spin_example.tcl).
  2. Open a terminal and navigate to the directory in which saved the Tcl script.
  3. Execute the simulation using the following command:

ns spin_example.tcl

Step 6: Analyse the Results

  • Use trace files and the network animator (NAM) to evaluate the performance of the SPIN protocol that concentrates on parameters like energy consumption, data dissemination efficiency, and network overhead.
  • Inspect on how SPIN minimize redundant transmissions compared to other protocols such as flooding.

Additional Considerations

  • Customizing SPIN: Relaying on the application, we can tweak the SPIN protocol to manage diverse types of meta-data or data aggregation methods.
  • Performance Comparison: Relate the performance of SPIN with other data dissemination protocols in wireless sensor networks to get to know its benefits and difficulties.

As we discussed earlier about how the Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation will perform in ns2 tool and we help to deliver additional material about how the Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation will adapt in diverse surroundings. For the implementation of the SPIN Protocol in NS2, you can visit ns2project.com. We provide support for data dissemination in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Please share your project details with us, and we will offer comprehensive guidance