How to Implement Vehicular Sensor Network in ns2

To implement a Vehicular Sensor Network (VSN) in ns2 has needs to emulate the vehicles equipped with sensors that gathers and trade-off data, usually associated to traffic, environment, or vehicle status and these networks are a subset of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs), in which the vehicles interacts with each other (V2V) or with infrastructure (V2I) for applications such as traffic management, accident avoidance, or environmental monitoring. The following are the procedures to implement the Vehicular Sensor Network in ns3:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

Step 1: Conceptualizing the Vehicular Sensor Network Simulation

In a Vehicular Sensor Network:

  1. Vehicle Nodes: Signify vehicles equipped with sensors that gather the data and interact with each other or infrastructure.
  2. Infrastructure Nodes: it denotes roadside units (RSUs) or central servers that gather the data from vehicles.
  3. Communication Links: To mimic the wireless communication among the vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure.

Step 2: Create the Tcl Script

The following is an example Tcl script that emulates a simple Vehicular Sensor Network with vehicles interacting data to a central server or RSU.

Example Tcl Script for Simulating a Vehicular Sensor Network in ns2

# Create a simulator object

set ns [new Simulator]

# Define the topography object (for a small area representing a road network)

set topo [new Topography]

$topo load_flatgrid 1000 1000  # 1km x 1km area

# Create the General Operations Director (GOD) for wireless simulations

create-god 3  # Number of nodes (2 vehicles + 1 RSU)

# Configure the nodes for vehicular communication

$ns node-config -adhocRouting DSDV \

-llType LL \

-macType Mac/802_11 \

-ifqType Queue/DropTail/PriQueue \

-ifqLen 50 \

-antType Antenna/OmniAntenna \

-propType Propagation/TwoRayGround \

-phyType Phy/WirelessPhy \

-channelType Channel/WirelessChannel \

-topoInstance $topo \

-agentTrace ON \

-routerTrace ON \

-macTrace ON \

-movementTrace ON

# Open trace and NAM files for recording the simulation

set tracefile [open vehicular_sensor_out.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

set namfile [open vehicular_sensor_out.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namfile 1000 1000

# Define a finish procedure to close files and end the simulation

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile namfile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

close $namfile

exec nam vehicular_sensor_out.nam &

exit 0

}

# Create vehicle nodes

set vehicle1 [$ns node]

set vehicle2 [$ns node]

# Create an RSU (Roadside Unit) node

set rsu [$ns node]

# Set initial positions for vehicles (on a straight road)

$vehicle1 set X_ 100.0

$vehicle1 set Y_ 500.0

$vehicle1 set Z_ 0.0

$vehicle2 set X_ 300.0

$vehicle2 set Y_ 500.0

$vehicle2 set Z_ 0.0

# Set the position of the RSU (stationary)

$rsu set X_ 800.0

$rsu set Y_ 500.0

$rsu set Z_ 0.0

# Define vehicle movement (simulating vehicles moving along the road)

$ns at 1.0 “$vehicle1 setdest 900.0 500.0 20.0”

$ns at 1.0 “$vehicle2 setdest 900.0 500.0 15.0”

# Define traffic from vehicle1 to RSU (simulating sensor data transmission)

set tcp1 [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $vehicle1 $tcp1

set sink1 [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $rsu $sink1

$ns connect $tcp1 $sink1

set ftp1 [new Application/FTP]

$ftp1 attach-agent $tcp1

$ftp1 start

# Define traffic from vehicle2 to vehicle1 (simulating inter-vehicle communication)

set tcp2 [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $vehicle2 $tcp2

set sink2 [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $vehicle1 $sink2

$ns connect $tcp2 $sink2

set ftp2 [new Application/FTP]

$ftp2 attach-agent $tcp2

$ftp2 start

# Schedule the end of the simulation

$ns at 30.0 “finish”

# Run the simulation

$ns run

Step 3: Run the Tcl Script

Save the script with a .tcl extension, for instance, vehicular_sensor_simulation.tcl. Then, execute the script using the following command in the terminal:

ns vehicular_sensor_simulation.tcl

Step 4: Visualize the Simulation

To visualize the simulation, open the configured NAM file using:

nam vehicular_sensor_out.nam

Script Explanation

  • Vehicle Nodes: The nodes vehicle1 and vehicle2 denotes vehicles well-found with sensors that gathers and transmit data.
  • RSU Node: The rsu node denotes a Roadside Unit that gathers data from vehicles.
  • Vehicle Movements: The vehicles move along a straight road that emulates common vehicular movement together with a highway or street.
  • Traffic Generation:
    • Vehicle-to-RSU Communication: vehicle1 sends data to the RSU, simulating the transmission of sensor data to infrastructure.
    • Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication: vehicle2 sends data to vehicle1 that mimic the inter-vehicle communication.

Customization

  • Multiple Vehicles and RSUs: Add more vehicles and RSUs to emulate a more complex vehicular sensor network.
  • Mobility Models: Execute more complex mobility patterns using realistic mobility models, like the Manhattan or Random Waypoint model.
  • Sensor Data Types: To mimic numerous kinds of sensor data like environmental monitoring, traffic conditions by changing the data traffic patterns.
  • Error Models: Establish error models to emulate the impacts of interference, packet loss, and other factors that impacts wireless communication in vehicular environments.
  • Routing Protocols: Test with numerous routing protocols that intended for vehicular networks, like AODV, DSR, or custom protocols tailored for VSNs.

Limitations

  • Simplified Approximation: This simulation delivers a simplified model of a vehicular sensor network and does not seizure the detailed behaviour of real-world vehicular networks like dynamic network topology changes and complex mobility patterns.
  • No Physical Layer Simulation: The script doesn’t mimic the physical layer characteristics of the wireless communications such as signal attenuation, Doppler effect, or multipath fading.
  • Limited VSN-Specific Features: Ns2 is not especially intended for vehicular sensor networks, so the simulation is limited to simple functionality and high-level abstractions.

In the demonstration we had successfully executed the Vehicular Sensor Network in NS2 simulation tool. We will also deliver the additional details regarding the Vehicular Sensor Network will be provided.

Vehicular Sensor Network projects ideas along with a perfectly aligned topic are done by ns2projects.com team .If you are in need of network performance drop your details, we will give you best results with detailed outcome.