Temporally Ordered Routing Projects Examples Using NS2

Temporally Ordered Routing Projects Examples Using NS2 tool that can be executed by  Temporally-Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA) in NS2 are discussed you can discover numerous projects that concentrate on different contexts of TORA in ad-hoc networks, like performance evaluation, route establishment, and adaptability in changing conditions that are worked by us.

Here are a few project examples that can be implemented using TORA in NS2:

  1. Performance Evaluation of TORA under Varying Network Conditions
  • Objective: Measure the performance of TORA in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) in diverse conditions such as node mobility, density, and traffic load.
  • Metrics: End-to-end delay, throughput, packet delivery ratio, and routing overhead.
  • Implementation: Replicate diverse scenarios in which nodes move randomly and change the node speed, number of nodes, and traffic patterns using NS2.
  1. TORA with Congestion Control Mechanism
  • Objective: Incorporate a congestion control mechanism with TORA to enhance its performance in the course of high traffic conditions.
  • Metrics: Packet loss, latency, and throughput under congested and non-congested network scenarios.
  • Implementation: Adjust the TORA implementation in NS2 to contain congestion control behaviours such as adapting packet sending rates according to network conditions.
  1. Energy-Efficient Routing Using TORA in MANETs
  • Objective: Apply energy-aware routing with TORA in which node energy levels are considered in the course of route selection to expand network lifetime.
  • Metrics: Energy consumption, network lifetime, and number of route discoveries.
  • Implementation: Adjust TORA in NS2 to monitor and utilize node energy levels for making routing decisions.
  1. Comparative Analysis of TORA vs. Other Reactive Protocols
  • Objective: Relate the performance of TORA with other reactive protocols such as AODV and DSR based on routing overhead, scalability, and adaptability in a dynamic environment.
  • Metrics: Routing overhead, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio.
  • Implementation: Mimic different network topologies and mobility patterns in NS2 for each protocol and measure the outcomes.
  1. TORA with QoS (Quality of Service) Support
  • Objective: Adjust TORA to contain QoS support by selecting packets according to their type such as real-time vs. non-real-time traffic in the course of routing decisions.
  • Metrics: QoS parameters such as jitter, packet loss for real-time traffic, and average delay.
  • Implementation: Expand TORA’s route selection mechanism in NS2 to support QoS by giving higher priority to time-sensitive data packets.
  1. TORA-based Multicast Routing in Ad-Hoc Networks
  • Objective: Execute and measure a multicast extension of TORA for group communication in ad-hoc networks.
  • Metrics: Packet delivery ratio, multicast efficiency, routing overhead.
  • Implementation: expand TORA in NS2 to support multicast functionality and measure its performance in multicast communication scenarios.

For each of these projects, you can start by downloading or customizing an NS2 TORA implementation and then setting up simulations using numerous network parameters.

We clearly explained the ideas on how the TORA will perform in other scenario using ns2 tool and also we deliver the additional details regarding the TORA.